Metatarsalgia Treatment

What Is Metatarsalgia?

Metatarsalgia is a general term used to describe pain in the forefoot, specifically in the region of the metatarsal bones. These five long bones in each foot connect to the toes and play a crucial role in helping you push off the ground when walking or running. The forefoot’s anatomy is highly complex, consisting of numerous joints, ligaments, muscles, and nerves, any of which can be a potential source of pain in this area.
forefoot pain indicated by red colour surrounding the distal metatarsals, metatarsalgia

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Causes Of Metatarsalgia

Metatarsalgia refers to pain in the forefoot and can have many potential causes. To pinpoint the source of your discomfort, your podiatrist will conduct a thorough physical examination to assess the structures involved.

Common causes of metatarsalgia include:

  • Joint inflammation
  • Nerve compression or irritation
  • Plantar plate (ligament) tears
  • Bursitis
  • Bone stress injuries
  • Arthritic conditions

Contributing Factors To Metatarsalgia

Several factors may contribute to metatarsalgia, including:

  • Sudden increases in physical activity: Engaging in more intense or prolonged activity than your body is used to can place excessive stress on the forefoot.
  • Foot structure and function: The shape of your bones and joints, as well as how they move, can lead to uneven pressure and altered loading in the forefoot.
  • Footwear: Shoes that fit poorly—such as those that are too narrow in the forefoot—or worn-out footwear can exacerbate pressure and stress on the forefoot.

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Symptoms Of Metatarsalgia

Common symptoms of metatarsalgia include:

  • Pain in the ball of the foot, affecting any of the five joints
  • Pain on the top of the forefoot
  • Tenderness when touched
  • A burning or throbbing sensation around the bony area of the ball of the foot
  • Shooting pain that radiates into the toes
  • Numbness or pins and needles in the toes
  • Pain that worsens with standing, walking, or running

Managing Metatarsalgia

Given the variety of conditions that can cause metatarsalgia, obtaining an accurate clinical diagnosis is essential to ensure the correct treatment. Your podiatrist will conduct a thorough physical assessment of the affected area and have a detailed discussion with you about how the pain began and your symptom history. They will create a treatment plan tailored to your specific diagnosis, considering factors such as your activity levels, foot structure (bony alignment), and foot biomechanics (how your feet move).

Common treatment options include:

  • Modifying weight-bearing activities
  • Providing footwear advice
  • Prescribing foot orthoses
  • Recommending strength and mobility exercises

 

While waiting to see your podiatrist, you can take steps to manage your symptoms, such as resting from activities that aggravate the pain, applying ice to reduce inflammation and discomfort, and consulting your pharmacist about non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications like ibuprofen. However, these are short-term measures, as symptoms are likely to return when you resume walking without addressing the underlying cause.

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